Parts of Speech made easy
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What are Parts of Speech?
Each word in the English language can be grouped into one of ten categories based on what meaning they have in a sentence. These categories are called the parts of speech. Although the parts of speech also have sub-categories, we will only focus on the main function of each of the parts of speech for this tutorial.
The different parts of speech.
Nouns.
Nouns are things that exist in the world. They can be physical things like a chair or abstract things like justice. Nouns could also be the names of people.
Examples of nouns are: chair, window door, clock, love, hate, Peter, Sussan, Anne
Example sentence: "Grammaticus ate an apple."
In this example, both Grammaticus and apple are nouns seeing as they are both things that exist in the world.
Example sentence: "Grammaticus believes in love."
In this example, Grammaticus is a noun, once again because he is a person and therefore a thing that exists in the world. Love is also a noun seeing as it is an abstract concept. Love might not exist in the physical world like an apple, but it does exist within the mind of Grammaticus.
Adjectives.
Adjectives are words that add meaning to the noun in the sentence.
Examples of adjectives are: beautiful, ugly, fast, round
Example sentence: "Grammaticus is hungry."
In this example, the word hungry is an adjective because it tells us a little bit more about the noun "Grammaticus"
Examples of adjectives are: beautiful, ugly, fast, round
Example sentence: "Grammaticus is hungry."
In this example, the word hungry is an adjective because it tells us a little bit more about the noun "Grammaticus"
Verbs.
verbs are often times called doing words. This is because verbs are words that indicate an action taking place.
Examples of verbs are: run, jump swim, talk
Example sentence: "Grammaticus ate an apple."
In this example, the word ate is a verb because it indicates an action taking place.
Adverbs are words that tell you more about the verb.
Exampled of adverbs are: slowly, badly, often
Example sentence: "Grammaticus ate an apple, quickly."
In this example, the word quickly is an adverb because it tells us more about how the apple was eaten.
Exampled of adverbs are: slowly, badly, often
Example sentence: "Grammaticus ate an apple, quickly."
In this example, the word quickly is an adverb because it tells us more about how the apple was eaten.
Pronoun.
Pronouns are words that take the place of the noun.
Examples of pronouns are: it, his, her, their
Example sentence: Grammaticus ate his apple.
In this example the word his is a pronoun because it is used in place of the noun Grammaticus. For instance, you can say "Grammaticus ate Grammaticus's apple", This sentence would seem strange and clumsy. For this reason, the second Grammaticus is replaced with the pronoun his.
Examples of conjunctions are: and, but, therefore
Example sentence: "Grammaticus ate an apple because he was hungry."
In this example because is a conjunction because it links the two sentences together. In this case, the two sentences are "Grammaticus ate an apple" and "He was hungry."
Preposition.
Prepositions indicate the position of the noun.
Examples of prepositions are: behind, in, outside
Example sentence: "Grammaticus sat on the floor"
In this example, the word on is a preposition because it tells us where the noun, Grammaticus, is.
Examples of prepositions are: behind, in, outside
Example sentence: "Grammaticus sat on the floor"
In this example, the word on is a preposition because it tells us where the noun, Grammaticus, is.
Articles.
Articles are used to indicate which noun is being talked about.
There are three articles in the English language: a, an, the
Example sentence: "Grammaticus ate the apple."
In this example, the word the is the specific noun, the apple.
There are three articles in the English language: a, an, the
Example sentence: "Grammaticus ate the apple."
In this example, the word the is the specific noun, the apple.
Interjections.
An interjection is an utterance used to convey a dealing rather than any specific meaning.
Examples of interjections are: ouch, wow, oh
Example sentence: "Arg! I don't want to eat yet another apple."
In this example, the word Arg is an because it does not have any meaning in itself, but it does convey emotion.
Determiners.
Examples of interjections are: ouch, wow, oh
Example sentence: "Arg! I don't want to eat yet another apple."
In this example, the word Arg is an because it does not have any meaning in itself, but it does convey emotion.
Determiners help nouns in the same way that adjectives do. However, determiners are used to specify the noun's quantity.
Examples of determiners are: dozens, all, none, many
Example sentence: Grammaticus are a few apples
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In this example, the word few is a determiner because it gives us an indication of the quantity of the noun. In other words, it gives us an idea of how many apples there are.
Sources
Grammarly. Available: https://www.grammarly.com/blog
Lutrin, B. & Pincus, M. 2007. English Handbook and Study Guide: A Comprehensive English Reference Book. South Africa: Berlut Books
Oasis. Available: https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/grammar/home
Scribbr. Available: https://www.scribbr.com/knowledge-base/
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